Abstract
Objective: To investigate and compare the intima-media thickness and peak systolic velocity in hypertensive patients using carotid Doppler imaging.
Study design: It is a a Retrospective study design.
Place and duration of study: This four month study was carried out in Jahangir SON-X Diagnostic Center, Rawalpindi.
Material and Methods: The material and methods involved accessing the radiology database to identify hypertensive patients and assessing the intima-media thickness of the internal and common carotid arteries, along with the outer vessel diameters.The non-invasive assessment of the increase in intima-media thickness in the carotid artery was conducted through ultrasonography.
Results: The study comprised 150 hypertensive patients, with a specific emphasis on the thickness of intima-media as observed on carotid Doppler imaging. Among the participants, 66% were male, and 34% were female, with a mean age of 63 and a standard deviation of 10.5.
Conclusion: The results of the study revealed a direct correlation between intima-media thickness and peak systolic velocity in hypertensive patients. Notably, the right-sided intima-media thickness and peak systolic velocity demonstrated a strong correlation, suggesting a robust association between these parameters on the right side. On the other hand, the left-sided intima-media thickness and peak systolic velocity exhibited a weaker correlation, implying a less pronounced relationship on the left side.
Keywords: Intima-media thickness , Peak systolic velocity, Hypertensive Patients, Ultrasonography.
References
Sebghatollahi V, Parsa M, Minakari M, Azadbakht S. A clinician's guide to gallstones and common bile duct (CBD): A study protocol for a systematic review and evidence‐based recommendations. Health Science Reports. 2023 Sep;6(9):e1555.
Cianci P, Restini E. Management of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis: Endoscopic and surgical approaches. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2021 Jul 7;27(28):4536.
Nadaf A. MR Cholangio-Pancreaticography as a Tool for Evaluation of Patients with Pancreaticobiliary Diseases (Doctoral dissertation, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (India)).
Pan L, Chen M, Ji L, Zheng L, Yan P, Fang J, Zhang B, Cai X. The safety and efficacy of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration combined with cholecystectomy for the management of cholecysto-choledocholithiasis: an up-to-date meta-analysis. Annals of surgery. 2018 Aug 1;268(2):247-53.
Mandelia A, Gupta AK, Verma DK, Sharma S. The value of magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP) in the detection of choledocholithiasis. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2013 Sep;7(9):1941.
Isram J, Haider E, Khan RS, Hafeez M, e Hinna R, Baig I, Shahid A, Chaudhry M, e Hina R. Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography in Comparison With Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography for Detection of the Etiology of Obstructive Jaundice. Cureus. 2023 Feb 1;15(2).
Soto JA, Barish MA, Yucel EK, Siegenberg D, Ferrucci T, Chuttani R, et al. Magnetic resonance cholangiography: comparison with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Gastroenterology 1996; 110:589–597.
Laing FC, Jeffrey Jr. RB, et al. Choledocholithiasis and cystic duct obstruction: difficult ultrasonographic diagnosis. Radiology 1983;146:475–479
Mahadevan V. Anatomy of the gallbladder and bile ducts. Surgery (Oxford). 2020 Aug 1;38(8):432-6.
Wilkins T, Agabin E, Varghese J, Talukder A. Gallbladder dysfunction: cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, and biliary dyskinesia. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice. 2017 Dec 1;44(4):575-97.
van Dijk AH, de Reuver PR, Besselink MG, van Laarhoven KJ, Harrison EM, Wigmore SJ, Hugh TJ, Boermeester MA. Assessment of available evidence in the management of gallbladder and bile duct stones: a systematic review of international guidelines. Hpb. 2017 Apr 1;19(4):297-309.
Gad EH, Zakaria H, Kamel Y, Alsebaey A, Zakareya T, Abbasy M, Mohamed A, Nada A, Abdelsamee MA, Housseni M. Surgical (Open and laparoscopic) management of large difficult CBD stones after different sessions of endoscopic failure: A retrospective cohort study. Annals of medicine and surgery. 2019 Jul 1;43:52-63.
Varghese J, Liddell R, Farrell M, Murray F, Osborne DH, Lee MJ, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and ultrasound compared with direct cholangiography in the detection of choledocholithiasis. Clinical Radiology 2000;55(1):25-35.
Chen W, Mo JJ, Lin L, Li CQ, Zhang JF. Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in choledocholithiasis. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2015 Mar 3;21(11):3351.
Griffin N, Wastle ML, Dunn WK, Ryder SD, Beckingham IJ. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology. 2003 Jul 1;15(7):809-13.
Hennig J, Nauerth A, Friedburg HR. RARE imaging: a fast imaging method for clinical MR. Magnetic resonance in medicine. 1986 Dec;3(6):823-33.
Frey CF, Burbige EJ, Meinke WB, Pullos TG, Wong HN, Hickman DM, Belber J. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The American Journal of Surgery. 1982 Jul 1;144(1):109-14.
de Ledinghen V, Lecesne R, Raymond JM, Gense V, Amouretti M, Drouillard J, Couzigou P, Silvain C. Diagnosis of choledocholithiasis: EUS or magnetic resonance cholangiography? A prospective controlled study. Gastrointestinal endoscopy. 1999 Jan 1;49(1):26-31.
Zahur Z, Jielani A, Fatima T, Ahmad A. Transabdominal ultrasound: a potentially accurate and useful tool for detection of choledocholithiasis. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad. 2019 Nov 1;31(4):572-5.
Javaid A, Mahmood R, Ullah H, Shafiq M, Dildar N, Abbas G. Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography in the Detection of Choledocholith, taking Post-Operative findings as the Gold Standard. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal. 2023 Apr 17;73(2):394-97.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Sehrish Akbar, Ayesha Imtiaz , Sana Shahzadi, Sumiya Abid, Areeba Ikram, Irum Raheed